1 出现时间:
理由:过去发生的事不能必然肯定以后会发生,因为所处的环境会、不同 如:2
Seven years ago, homeowners in nearby Brookville community adopted a set of restrictions on how the community"s yards should be landscaped and what colors the exteriors of homes should be painted.
时代不同了 男女都一样呢?
2 出现不同的地点人物:
理由:false analogy 没说有没有可比性 如A用B得到C,则D用B也能得到D 如:180
Many other companies have recently stated that having their employees take the Easy Read Speed-Reading Course has greatly improved productivity.
NIKE行 李宁一定行? 李杜不复习ISSUE拿6.0 你可以?
3 出现研究,调查等
理由:是否有代表性
样本含量(sample size)是否足够大是否随机抽样是否覆盖各个年龄性别种族等 能够在统计学上用来估计全体 30 volunteers
是否设置对照组 消除非实验因素带来的对结果的影响 没有对照组
是否有显著的统计学差异 即两个抽样样本是否来自于同一个总体 也就是说他们之间的差异是由于抽样误差造成的 而不是本身差异
如:167
A folk remedy* for insomnia, the scent in lavender flowers, has now been proved effective. In a recent study, 30 volunteers with chronic insomnia slept each night for three weeks on lavender-scented pillows in a controlled room where their sleep was monitored. During the first week, volunteers continued to take their usual sleeping medication. They slept soundly but wakened feeling tired. During the second week, the volunteers discontinued their medication. As a result, they slept less soundly than the previous week and felt even more tired. During the third week, the volunteers slept longer and more soundly than in the previous two weeks.